
I don't really like to talk about my job outside of work, because well, it is
work. But my passion for what I do sometimes bleeds over when people ask me about healthcare in day to day conversation. Especially when people ask, "What is wrong with our healthcare system?".
I am not a doctor. I am not a nurse. I have never worked in a hospital. But I do understand the organizational dynamics of the healthcare delivery system, and the way that system is paid for, from both a public and private (commercial) perspective. I also understand the (sometimes unfortunate) politics of healthcare. Those three things combined--the way healthcare is delivered (ie. how you as a consumer of healthcare interacts with the system), how it is paid for (public and private insurance), and politics tell us all we need to know about why our healthcare system doesn't work so well (or to use my term, sucks quite a bit). The fact is we don't actually have a healthcare system. Rather,
we have a highly sophisticated, technologically advanced, fragmented, and expensive disease management system. It isn't Obamacare...it's ObamaDiseaseManagememt.
Three comments. First, on how healthcare is delivered: in pieces. You see "the doctor", you may be a PCP, a cardiologist, a surgeon, or an ER doctor. You never see a "team" when you interact with the healthcare system. If you happen to be relatively healthy, and perhaps see your PCP once year and the occasional specialist, this is quite fine. The system works relatively well for people like you. But if you suffer from multiple chronic conditions, or have a serious specific episodic illness for which you see multiple providers, this system is absolute hell. The infrastructure of healthcare was not set up to allow for coordination, and communication between the different people who care for you. Your endocrinologist has no idea what your cardiologist is doing, and because you use two different pharmacies, pharmacists cannot reconcile medication properly to ensure you are not in danger. Breakdowns in communication and a lack of transparency across the set of providers you interact with creates redundant and/or unnecessary treatments that not constitute 50-60% of the healthcare costs that plague our country, and also put you at greater risk of complications or death.
Second, how we pay for healthcare: By volume. Let's say you develop CAD (coronary artery disease), and require a catheter or stent to be placed into an artery to free up the blood flow to prevent a heart attack. A cardiologist (depending on who is paying) can be reimbursed up to $15,000 for about 20 minutes of their time on this procedure. Now let's say that 5 years earlier, your cardiologist spent 1-2 hours with you after noticing some early warning signs of a problem-increased weight, hypertension, elevated cholesterol-and began to lay out a proactive plan to help eliminate your symptoms. She may refer you to a nutritionist to help you map out a healthier diet, refer you to an exercise therapist to help you develop an exercise plan to get you cardiovascular system back in shape, and provide ongoing monitoring/evaluation be a nurse and the team of nutritionist and exercise physiologist to get you into shape, your BP and cholesterol down, and prevent the development of plaque in your arteries and the need for the stent. That cardiologist maybe would have made $100 to go through all of that. What is worse--take the cost of that plan I laid out--ongoing monitoring by a nurse and referall to a team of nutritionists and exercise physiologists to help manage the problem and prevent it from worsening--may cost a a couple hundred bucks initially until the patient can learn to manage on their own, only checking in from time to time. Compare that cost to the average heart attack: $50,000. Seems irrational to pay for the latter, and not the former. But that is what we do.
We pay to fix things, not prevent them from breaking. We have spent trillions of public and private dollars over the last 100 years on medical innovation for the treatment of disease and only a fraction of that on strategies and programs that create the economic incentive to prevent problems from happening. We get what we pay for.
Third: Politics. Republicans, mandating individuals to have health insurance and incensing them to see a primary care doctor once a year is not Marxism, or Socialism, or even Fascism. It is common sense, not just morally, but also economically. Making sure that schools serve healthy foods is not a nanny state, it is working to prevent obesity and diabetes, which constitute $147Billion annually and $174Billion annually in healthcare (unnecessary) spending respectivley. Democrats, health insurance companies are not (all) evil, and most have just as strong of an incentive to work to reduce costs as you do. The free market system is not the cause of the health care crisis we face, and socialized medicine is not in itself the solution. Calm down, every one.
The solution is a system that first incentivizes the right kind of behavior. For doctors and other providers, this means paying for lengthy consultation with patients to drill down to the root causes of problems before they become crises. It means allowing them to coordinate with other doctors when patients have to see multiple people to prevent unnecessary and redundant care. It means prevention programs, education, and patient engagement and empowerment. For patients, it means economic incentives to take care of them selves. Lower premiums for maintaining a healthy weight and blood pressure, incentives to join fitness studios, shorter work hours, and other stress reducing actions.
We then have to pay for it in the right way (actually, this part should come first). We need a payment system that realizes that moderate investments in health upfront, prevents major costs down the road. Focusing on prevention, health education, nutrition and other safe behaviors are proven ways to reduce health expenditures down the road. We cannot continue to rely on a system that simply pays people to fix other people's problems. We need to pay people to help prevent those problems.
It is the ONLY way.